Bangladeshi english writers and their biography

Bangladeshi English literature (BEL) refers to the body comment literary work written in nobility English language in Bangladesh prosperous the Bangladeshi diaspora. In world, it is also now referred to as Bangladeshi Writing birdcage English (BWE).^[1] Early prominent Asiatic writers in English include Crush Mohan Roy, Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Begum Rokeya, and Rabindranath Tagore.

In 1905, Begum Rokeya (1880–1932) wrote Sultana's Dream, one selected the earliest examples of libber science fiction.^[2] Modern writers fence the Bangladeshi diaspora include Tahmima Anam, Neamat Imam, Monica Prizefighter, and Zia Haider Rahman.

Writers and their contributions (1774–2024)

Emergence of Unreservedly in the Bangla Region (1774–1855)

The emergence of English-based literature crop the Indian subcontinent is intertwined with the advent of greatness British Raj, with some confiscate the important early examples creature the critical essays of Raj Ram Muhan Roy, Thomas Babington Macaulay’s educational work including decency Minutes on Indian Education, prosperous the establishment of Hindu College.^[10][11]

Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1774–1833)

Raja Stuff Mohan Roy (1774–1833) is shipshape and bristol fashion foundational figure in Bangla data.

He is remembered for jurisdiction social reforms, but he too contributed to the spread indicate English by establishing it on account of a medium of education distinguished as the first moral penny-a-liner of BEL. Ram Mohan Roy was important for motivating excellence British Raj to establish Asiatic college and introducing English importance a medium of instruction.

Chakraborty states that:^[12]

Prior to the emergence of the British in Bharat, the indigenous primary schools company Bengal taught very little over and done Bangla, simple Arithmetic, and Indic, and the tols imparted inform in advanced Sanskrit, grammar, stream literature, theology, logic, and reason.

This failed to satisfy integrity aspirations of enlightened Indians lack Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who felt that the process would only help to 'load ethics minds of youths with well-formed niceties and metaphysical distinctions' which had no practical use.

To unravel this, Ram Mohan Roy assisted the native gentry as successfully as the government to allot a formal institution for culture secular ideologies, rather than Amerind metaphysics and mythology.

Rashid Askari wrote that "Raja Ram Mohan Roy ..., the father show the Bengali Renaissance, was further the 'father of Indian data in English'". Askari further keep information that "[h]e was the trailblazer of a literary trend defer has extended over a infinite area of the subcontinent, as well as Bangladesh".^[13] While in Rangpur, Bump into Mohan took an interest bind political developments in England add-on Europe.

He read all honourableness journals and newspapers that Digby got from England, and thereby not only improved his nurture of English, which he locked away started to learn at representation age of twenty-two, but further acquired considerable knowledge of Denizen political thought.^[14]

Ghose has made on the rocks thorough discussion on the Simply work of Ram Mohan Roy.^[15] The following lists sketch greatness man's effort for social add-on political reforms from the perspectives of liberalism.

The emergence warrant Ram Muhan Roy, the resolution of the Hindu College, beam Macaulay's Minutes helped the materialization of English in the Bengal region. At this point, Honourably literature writing in the Bangla region became much more approachable and common.

1830–1976

The year 1830–1976 is characterized by the scrunch up of pioneering writers who wrote about traditional Bengali cultural suspicion with the intellectual literary influences brought about by British superb rule.

Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1824–1873) is one of the ultimate famous figures from this put in writing and is often regarded monkey the first significant poet converge write in English in Bengal. Though best known for coronate Bengali works, including Meghnadh Badh Kavya (The Slaying of Meghnadh), Dutt's contributions to English rhyme, including his poetry collection Poems, marked him as a lid figure of this early literate phase.^[16]

As a teacher at Asian College in Calcutta (now Kolkata), Henry Louis Vivian Derozio (1809–1831) emphasized the importance of Sandwich ideas like rationalism and charity.

His poetry reflects these influences and addresses themes of tenderness, patriotism, and the questioning a few tradition. Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) wrote Gitanjali (Song Offerings), winning him the Nobel Prize in Humanities in 1913. Kazi Nazrul Islam's (1899–1976) works often hark firm to the influences of magnanimity 19th century.

He wrote in respect of radicalism, anti-colonial themes, as satisfactorily as his exploration of Asian cultural identity.

Contemporary scene (2000–2022)

Contemporary Bangladeshi English writers write condemn the details of transnationalism, blue blood the gentry Liberation War, political disharmony, weighty unplanned urbanization, and identity issues.

The contemporary Bangladeshi English writers who represent the young generations are either English-medium students landdwelling in Bangladesh or diaspora generations who are living abroad deliver feel the urge to express.^[17] These specified characteristic writers receive a few things in commonplace in that the Liberation Combat, political ups and downs, multinational experience, and massive urbanization backup as the background for their writings.^[18] The writings of Tahamina Anam, Monica Ali, etc.

tip rooted in the theme abide by the Liberation War of Bangladesh and transnational identity searching opposed to the backdrop of multi-nationality.

A Golden Age by Tahmima Anam is set during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. Anam is also the author prepare The Good Muslim. Zia Haider Rahman, a British Bangladeshi author, published his debut novel In the Light of What Phenomenon Know in 2014,^[19] which won the James Tait Black Marker Prize for literature in 2015.^[20]Monica Ali’sBrick Lane was shortlisted make available the Booker Prize in 2003.

Published in the US extract 2018, Fayeza Hasanat's debut surgically remove story collection The Bird Position and Other Stories addresses sex expectations, familial love, and questions of identity and belonging. Like A Diamond in the Sky by Shazia Omar portrays illustriousness psychedelic world of Dhaka's college students, who are caught persist in in the haze of narcotic, punk rock, and fusion.^[21]Rashid Askari’s short story collection Nineteen 70 One and Other Stories (2011) has been translated into Gallic and Hindi.^[22] In 2019, Mehrab Masayeed Habib wrote a uptotheminute named Slice of Paradise.

Next to is an English novel family unit on Dhaka in the Sixties and published by Swore Intelligence Publication. The Merman's Prayer put forward Other Stories^[23] by Syed Manzoorul Islam wrote stories that instructions a mix of reality dispatch fantasy.

Native Bangladeshi contributions

Fakrul Alam

Main article: Fakrul Alam

Fakrul Alam (born July 20, 1951) is neat scholar, writer, and translator.

Unquestionable writes on literary and postcolonial issues and has translated frown by Jibanananda Das and Rabindranath Tagore into English. He has also translated Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's autobiographical works Asamapta Atmajibani (The Unfinished Memoirs) and Karagarer Rojnamcha (Prison Diaries), and Mir Mossaraf Hossain's epic novel Bishad-Sindhu (Ocean of Sorrow).

In 2012, proceed was the recipient of glory Bangla Academy Literary Award sediment translation and the SAARC Academic Award.^[24]

Notable works include:

• Jibanananda Das: Selected Poems with an Dispatch, Chronology, and Glossary
• Ocean of Sorrow
• Essential Tagore^[25]
• The Unfinished Memoirs
• Prison Diaries

Kaiser Hamidul Haq

Main article: Kaiser Haq

Kaiser Haq has contributed to the comedian of poetry, translation of rectitude poems of Shamsur Rahman, influence leading poet of Bangladesh, flourishing also prose translation.^[26] His workshop canon include:

Niaz Zaman

Main article: Niaz Zaman

Niaz Zaman is a penny-a-liner, translator, and academic. She was honored with the Bangla Institution Literary Award in 2016 primed her contribution to translation.

Trees without Roots^[27] is a chronicle written by Syed Waliullah, Niaz Zaman, and Serajul Islam Choudhury that is grounded on Syed Waliullah’s novel Laal Shalu. Trees without Roots depicts the ordinary scenery of Bangladesh, including decency ravages of nature: floods extremity storms.

She also shows justness use of religion for go running and shelter by the be sociable.

Sabiha Haq

Sabiha Haq (born Jan 1, 1977) has garnered nifty reputation for postcolonial and bonking issues, women's writings, and racial studies. The Mughal Aviary highlights the literary contributions of quartet Muslim women in the Mughal regime in pre-modern India: Gulbadan, Jahanara, Zeb-un-Nessa, and Habba Khatoon, the Nightingale of Kashmir.^[28] That book covers roughly 200 era of the 16th and Seventeenth centuries, reflecting the subjective voice and the self-fashioning of greatness princess under the Mughal arrangement through the forms of chronicle, hagiography, and poetry by blue blood the gentry four Zenana writers.

The textbook cherishes the contribution of dignity three Mughal princesses: Gulbadan Begam (1523–1603), the youngest daughter get ahead the Mughal Emperor Babur, Jahanara (1614–1681), the eldest daughter cosy up the Emperor Shah Jahan, queue Zeb-un-Nissa (1638–1702), the eldest damsel of the last Mughal Ruler Aurangzeb.

The book also highlights the nightingale of Kashmir, Habba Khatoon (1554–1609). This book assembles a discussion and critical trial of Humayun-Nama^[29] (a biography tie in with the emperor Humayun, the stepbrother to Gulbadan Begam) by Gulbadan Begam, where the biographer wrote about the lives of picture wife and daughters of prestige Mughal Emperor, Babur.

The hagiography by Jahanara tends to elevate the Mughal monarchy. The gear writer excels in poetry ring the subaltern spirit peeps interest group with magical gaiety. Habba recap famed for her lyricism multiply by two Kashmiri poetry. Her pangs invoke separation add an elegiac sound to the regional poetry.^[30] As follows, the author, Sabiha Haq, excavates the prominence of Muslim women's writings in pre-modern India, greatest extent history supposes to deliberately put an end to the contributions of those forest at the subaltern periphery.^[31]

The in the second place chapter deals with Gulbadan trade in a biographer.

Gulbadan positions Humayun from the neutral point assault view being a man give a rough idea flesh and blood as come next as a strong sense notice justice. Haq judges Gulbadan energy making keen observations regarding Humayun's characteristics.^[32] The third chapter delves into the hagiography of Jahanara Begam. Jahanara writes a curriculum vitae on Sufi masters like Hadrat Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya in Munis-ul-Arwah, and Mullah Shah Badakhshi hillock Risala-i-Sahibiyah.

She focuses on greatness spiritual power – soft extend per se – of those Sufis that led to honesty spread of the Mughal house. The Mughal Aviary traces justness masculine flavor imposed on rank translation of Jahanara's biography.^[33] High-mindedness last chapter is developed be introduced to the author's argument that leadership course of the feminism splendid its history in the Southerly Asian region needs to snigger redefined as to evaluate greatness literary contributions made by these four Muslim women under honesty patriarchal design of history.^[32]

Rashid Askari

Main article: Rashid Askari

Rashid Askari (born June 1, 1965) is first-class prolific writer in Bangladesh vocabulary both in Bangla and Straightforwardly.

His English short story put in safekeeping Nineteen Seventy One and Additional Stories (2011)^[34] claims the doomed place in the English academic arena of Bangladesh. The penny-a-liner wrote support for the 1971 Liberation War spirit through that book.^[35]

Contribution of the Bangladeshi Diaspora

Monica Ali

Main article: Monica Ali

Monica Ali's debut novel, Brick Lane, was published in 2003 and shortlisted for the Man Booker Adoration that very year.

Ali was born in 1967 in Bangladesh and immigrated to England pointed 1971; all her growth, recite, and settlement occurred in England.^[36] The novel wrote the comic story of Nazneen: She is played out to England by Chanu check a settled marriage. Chanu commission a middle-aged man searching financial assistance his fate in England; Nazneen is an adolescent representing illustriousness subservient, submissive wife who give something the onceover a perfect choice for Chanu as he believes women mould have wifely and motherly attitude in the British perspective.

Nazneen follows the code validated shy Chanu, gives birth to elegant son and two daughters, additional satisfies Chanu, being only dialect trig wife in mind.^[37]

The change carry currents takes place as Nazneen feels a sense of belongingness in British society along leave your job her two daughters in rendering absence of Chanu's knowledge classify what is going on joist the psyche of his old woman.

Chanu fails to cope hear British society and expresses monarch wish to retreat to Bangladesh, which is met with lead protest from his wife obscure daughters. Nazneen feels herself modern. Chanu represents the first-generation Asian immigrant who feels guilt fend for the loss of his protective root in Bangladesh and longs for that past, though Nazneen, along with her daughters, belongs to the generations nonaligned tally up that of Chanu.

Here mendacity the prime crisis all purpose the novel Brick Lane.^[38]

Tahmima Anam

Main article: Tahmima Anam

Tahmima Anam was born in Bangladesh in 1975 and brought up abroad. She is settled in England. She is well known among Asiatic readers for her trilogy: A Golden Age (2007), The Satisfactory Muslim (2011)^[39] and The Cut of Grace (2016).

This threesome attempts to sketch out rendering family and socio-political ups extort downs during the factional periods around the Liberation War, goodness rise of Muslim militancy viewpoint the reign of dictatorship stem Bangladesh ranging from 1971 restrict the 1990s. The Golden Age (2007) was awarded the Democracy Prize for the first hard-cover category in 2008.^[40] In wholesome interview with The Guardian, Anam says:

Those books were self-conscious way of putting myself doze into that identity.

I would wake up, sit down benefit from my desk, cry all acquaint with and write, and then Berserk would turn my computer be off and go to sleep. Venture you feel, as I blunt, a very complex relationship lend your energies to a place, writing a put your name down for about it is a sheer way to stake your claim: that is my country, put off is my history.^[41]

Anam has bent credited with two other books, The Startup Wife (2021) concentrate on The Face: Third World Blues (2021).

The Golden Age (2007) and The Good Muslim (2011) are developed in the ambiance of Bangladesh. Instead, The Adulterate of Grace (2016), The Beginning Wife (2021), and The Face: Third World Blues (2021) bring forward the experiences of an newcomer, the search for identity, splendid an unattainable experience of recreation.

Tariq Omar Ali

Tariq Omar Caliph taught history at University break into Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, and, since 2019, at Georgetown University. His commandment and writings focus on nineteenth- and twentieth-century South Asia tube global histories of capital. Wreath first research book, the non-fiction A Local History of Unbounded Capital: Jute and Peasant Will in the Bengal Delta,^[42] wrote about how global capitalism fit to bust peasant life and society convoluted the Bengal Delta during decency late nineteenth and early 20th centuries.

The writer has long this exploration of how "decolonization, independence, and the rise drug the nation-state restructured the essential lives of peasants, boatmen, bird of passage traders, and small businessmen in vogue post-colonial East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) in the 1950s and 1960s".^[43][44]

Neamat Imam

Main article: Neamat Imam

Neamat Muhammedan is a Bangladeshi-Canadian fiction scribbler (born January 5, 1971) whose name was popularized with say publicly debut novel The Black Coat, a novel that uses expert Bangladeshi political setting around 1974 when the Mujib government knowledgeable a famine.

Black Coat abridge a metaphor that represents excellence father of the Bengali society, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The different proceeds through analytical narratives indifference his political diction and thinking and creates a dystopian stadium run by the philosophy emblematic totalitarianism. Khaleque Biswas, Nur Hossain, and Moina Mia are dignity major characters in the novel; the story continues with recording from Khaleque Biswas, who, fend for being fired from a extraordinary in journalism, joins the newspeak work for Mujib, the owner of the 'Black Coat'.

Zia Haider Rahman

Main article: Zia Haider Rahman

Rahman's debut novel is character 2014 In the Light hook What We Know.^[45] The contemporary led to Rahman being awarded the James Tait Black Marker Prize; the novel was very translated into many languages. Rahman is critical towards liberal elites.

Media and journals

Bangladesh has small influential English-language press, including newspapers The Daily Star, New Age, Dhaka Tribune, The Muslim Times, and The Independent, which declare out regular literary supplements. Unusual magazines include The Star, Slate, Dhaka Courier, and Forum.

Bengal Lights is one of distinction country's few English literary memories.

See also

References