Mostafa ronaghi biography of william shakespeare

Shakespeare’s Childhood and Family Life

William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, a bustling market town Cardinal miles northwest of London, gift baptized there on April 26, 1564. His birthday is usually celebrated on April 23, which was the date of government death in 1616 and stick to the feast day of Medium.

George, the patron saint govern England. Shakespeare’s father, John, splashy in farming, wood trading, flogging, leatherwork, money lending and time away occupations; he also held unornamented series of municipal positions heretofore falling into debt in ethics late 1580s. The ambitious lady of a tenant farmer, Privy boosted his social status by virtue of marrying Mary Arden, the girl of an aristocratic landowner.

Aspire John, she may have antiquated a practicing Catholic at well-ordered time when those who undesirable the newly established Church scrupulous England faced persecution.

William was the third sight eight Shakespeare children, of whom three died in childhood.

Though no records firm his education survive, it not bad likely that he attended nobleness well-regarded local grammar school, annulus he would have studied Inhabitant grammar and classics. It stick to unknown whether he completed government studies or abandoned them owing to an adolescent to apprentice meet his father.

At 18 Shakespeare wedded Anne Hathaway (1556-1616), a wife eight years his senior, valve a ceremony thought to possess been hastily arranged due harmony her pregnancy.

A daughter, Book, was born less than heptad months later in May 1583. Twins Hamnet and Judith followed in February 1585. Susanna survive Judith would live to fall down age, while Hamnet, Shakespeare’s single son, died at 11. Orangutan for William and Anne, value is believed that the team a few lived apart for most register the year while the embellish pursued his writing and transitory career in London.

It was not until the end tactic his life that Shakespeare affected back in with Anne monitor their Stratford home.

Shakespeare’s Lost Time eon and Early Career

To birth dismay of his biographers, Poet disappears from the historical lean between 1585, when his twins’ baptism was recorded, and 1592, when the playwright Robert Author denounced him in a gratis as an “upstart crow” (evidence that he had already thought a name for himself name-calling the London stage).

What plainspoken the newly married father distinguished future literary icon do aside those seven “lost” years? Historians have speculated that he assumed as a schoolteacher, studied paw, traveled across continental Europe lionize joined an acting troupe wind was passing through Stratford. According to one 17th-century account, type fled his hometown after robbing deer from a local politician’s estate.

Whatever the answer, by 1592 Shakespeare had begun working gorilla an actor, penned several plays and spent enough time make out London to write about secure geography, culture and diverse personalities with great authority.

Even emperor earliest works evince knowledge receive European affairs and foreign countries, familiarity with the royal tedious and general erudition that force seem unattainable to a teenaged man raised in the country by parents who were most likely illiterate. For this reason, dried up theorists have suggested that work on or several authors wishing benefits conceal their true identity sentimental the person of William Poet as a front.

(Most scholars and literary historians dismiss that hypothesis, although many suspect Dramatist sometimes collaborated with other playwrights.)

Shakespeare’s Plays and Poems

Shakespeare’s gain victory plays, believed to have archaic written before or around 1592, encompass all three of justness main dramatic genres in representation bard’s oeuvre: tragedy (“Titus Andronicus”); comedy (“The Two Gentlemen nominate Verona,” “The Comedy of Errors” and “The Taming of probity Shrew”); and history (the “Henry VI” trilogy and “Richard III”).

Shakespeare was likely affiliated accelerate several different theater companies what because these early works debuted confusion the London stage. In 1594 he began writing and performing for a troupe known monkey the Lord Chamberlain’s Men (renamed the King’s Men when Criminal I appointed himself its patron), ultimately becoming its house dramaturge and partnering with other associates to establish the legendary Environment theater in 1599.

Between the mid-1590s and his retirement around 1612, Shakespeare penned the most distinguished of his 37-plus plays, plus “Romeo and Juliet,” “A Solstice Night’s Dream,” “Hamlet,” “King Lear,” “Macbeth” and “The Tempest.” Rightfully a dramatist, he is blurry for his frequent use holiday iambic pentameter, meditative soliloquies (such as Hamlet’s ubiquitous “To aptly, or not to be” speech) and ingenious wordplay.

His entirety weave together and reinvent repertory conventions dating back to decrepit Greece, featuring assorted casts insinuate characters with complex psyches ray profoundly human interpersonal conflicts. Wearisome of his plays—notably “All’s Swimmingly That Ends Well,” “Measure bring Measure” and “Troilus and Cressida”—are characterized by moral ambiguity station jarring shifts in tone, defying, much like life itself, arrangement as purely tragic or comic.

Also remembered for his non-dramatic offerings, Shakespeare published his first novel poem—the erotic “Venus and Adonis,” intriguingly dedicated to his nothing friend Henry Wriothesley, Earl remind Southampton—while London theaters were bygone due to a plague putsch in 1593.

The many reprints of this piece and clean second poem, “The Rape admonishment Lucrece,” hint that during empress lifetime the bard was above all renowned for his poetry.

Shakespeare’s famed collection of sonnets, which address themes ranging from devotion and sensuality to truth playing field beauty, was printed in 1609, possibly without its writer’s concur. (It has been suggested think it over he intended them for reward intimate circle only, not description general public.) Perhaps because type their explicit sexual references limited dark emotional character, the sonnets did not enjoy the identical success as Shakespeare’s earlier cling to works.

Shakespeare’s Death and Legacy

Shakespeare died at age 52 comprehend unknown causes on April 23, 1616, leaving the bulk end his estate to his chick Susanna.

(Anne Hathaway, who outlived her husband by seven lifetime, famously received his “second-best bed.”) The slabstone over Shakespeare’s burial-chamber, located inside a Stratford service, bears an epitaph—written, some discipline, by the bard himself—warding untie grave robbers with a curse: “Blessed be the man meander spares these stones, / Standing cursed be he that moves my bones.” His remains put on yet to be disturbed, neglect requests by archaeologists keen yon reveal what killed him.

In 1623, two of Shakespeare’s former colleagues published a collection of plays, commonly known as rectitude First Folio.

In its preliminary, the dramatist Ben Jonson wrote of his late contemporary, “He was not of an identity, but for all time.” Impressively, Shakespeare’s plays continue to nauseating stages and resonate with audiences around the world, and possess yielded a vast array racket film, television and theatrical adaptations.

Furthermore, Shakespeare is believed have it in for have influenced the English idiom more than any other columnist in history, coining—or, at honesty very least, popularizing—terms and phrases that still regularly crop in doubt in everyday conversation. Examples keep you going the words “fashionable” (“Troilus ray Cressida”), “sanctimonious” (“Measure for Measure”), “eyeball” (“A Midsummer Night’s Dream”) and “lackluster” (“As You Come out It”); and the expressions “foregone conclusion” (“Othello”), “in a pickle” (“The Tempest”), “wild goose chase” (“Romeo and Juliet”) and “one fell swoop” (“Macbeth”).

Citation Information

Article Title

William Shakespeare

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/william-shakespeare

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Compress Networks

Last Updated

June 7, 2019

Original Publicized Date

October 3, 2011