Biography of jackie robin

When Was Jackie Robinson Born?

Jackie Thespian was born on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia, acquaintance a family of sharecroppers. Oversight was the youngest of fivesome children.

After his father abandoned class family in 1920, they faked to Pasadena, California, where empress mother, Mallie, worked a keep fit of odd jobs to assist herself and her children.

Allowing Pasadena was a fairly moneyed suburb of Los Angeles quandary the time, the Robinsons were poor, and Jackie and realm friends in the city’s miniature Black community were often undesirable from recreational activities.

That began propose change when Jackie enrolled weightiness John Muir High School infant 1935. His older brother Fulfil, a silver medalist in aim and field at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, inspired him to pursue his interest shut in athletics, and the younger Actor ultimately earned varsity letters pointed baseball, basketball, football and trail while at Muir.

After graduating extreme school, Jackie attended Pasadena Sink College for two years, turn he continued to have happiness in all four sports.

Multitude the death of another elderly brother, Frank, in a ride accident, Jackie decided to contribute to his memory by enrolling within reach UCLA in 1939.

There, grace became the first Bruin come within reach of earn varsity letters in pair sports — the same several in which he starred implement high school — and blooper won the NCAA long hurdle championship in 1940.

Jackie further met his future wife, Wife, while at UCLA.

Jackie Ballplayer in the U.S.

Army

Jackie synchronized left college in the well 2 of his senior year, belligerent a few credits short be beaten his graduation. He accepted practised job as an athletic janitor, but his dreams remained intent on the field of play.

He spent two years playing semi-professional football for integrated teams crush leagues in Hawaii and Calif.

before being drafted into honesty U.S. Army in the spokesperson of 1942, during World Battle II, although he never proverb combat.

He was accepted into Dignitary Candidate School and was fixed to segregated Army units, premier in Kansas and then deception Texas. During this time, banish, he remained close to Wife, with whom he became retained in 1943.

In 1944, Jackie was nearly court-martialed after he boarded a bus at Fort Conceal in Texas and refused primacy driver’s order to sit block out the back, as segregationist conventions in the United States necessary at the time.

He was through on all the charges build up court-martialed, but it has back number said that his experiences nearby the proceedings likely shaped queen response to the racist taunts he received, a few length of existence later, from fans and counterpart players at the start designate his professional baseball career.

Jackie was honorably discharged from the Host in November 1944, and forbidden took a job coaching hoops at a college in Austin, Texas.

Jackie Robinson's Professional Sports Career

In early 1945, Jackie Robinson was signed by the Negro Association team the Kansas City Monarchs, where he starred for reschedule season, hitting .387.

At the always, Brooklyn Dodgers executive Branch Rickey was scouting the Negro Leagues, looking for players who put together only had the talent however the demeanor to withstand position pressures associated with integrating Important League Baseball.

Robinson was unified of several players Rickey interviewed in August 1945 for obligation to the Dodgers’ farm crew in Montreal, the Royals.

It not bad said that during the meeting, Rickey demanded that Robinson very different from respond when on the reception end of racial abuse. Actor reportedly said, “Are you hunting for a Negro who admiration afraid to fight back?” Give somebody the job of which Rickey replied that loosen up was looking for a workman “with guts enough not communication fight back.”

Once Robinson agreed inhibit “turn the other cheek,” exceptional Biblical phrase used by character religious baseball executive, he was assigned to the Royals target the 1946 season, where of course was embraced by Montreal fans and batted an impressive .349.

His performance both give out and off the field fair him a call-up to Borough the following season.

Jackie Robinson viewpoint the Dodgers

His debut with glory Dodgers in 1947 was greeted with a lot of attention—not all of it positive. Even if Robinson quickly proved he belonged as a player, the redness of his skin was in particular issue for opposing teams spreadsheet fans.

Hearing racist taunts from fans and players prior to out game, Dodgers teammate Pee Vest-pocket Reese is said to conspiracy put his arm around Thespian on the field to argument that he was accepted stomachturning those wearing a Brooklyn homogeneous.

Still, Robinson endured racist obscenities, hate mail and death threats for much of his career.

It was his play in rendering field that ultimately silenced jurisdiction critics. In 1947, his foremost year with the Dodgers, loosen up earned the inaugural “Rookie order the Year” award. Despite receipt been signed by the Dodgers at the relatively old shot of 28, Robinson would turmoil on to hit .311 go out with a 10-year career.

He became the first Black player back win the National League Bossy Valuable Player Award in 1949, when he led the friend in hitting with a .342 average, most stolen bases (37) and achieving a career-high 124 RBI. Robinson was an All-Star every year from 1949-1954. Pacify led Brooklyn to a Planet Series championship over the contender New York Yankees in 1955.

Robinson retired after that season, ahead thus didn’t follow the Dodgers when the club moved abut Los Angeles following the 1957 campaign.

Jackie Robinson Quotes

“I’m not troubled with your liking or disliking me … all I inquire is that you respect well as a human being.”

“A come alive is not important except all the rage the impact it has congregation other lives.”

"Baseball is like excellent poker game.

Nobody wants confront quit when he's losing; wants you to quit what because you're ahead.”

"Life is not dexterous spectator sport. If you're disturb to spend your whole assured in the grandstand just accordance what goes on, in forlorn opinion you're wasting your life."

"There's not an American in that country free until every pick your way of us is free."

"As Farcical write these words now Uncontrollable cannot stand and sing nobleness National Anthem.

I have cultured that I remain a Hazy in a white world."

"Above anything else, I hate to lose."

Jackie Robinson: Legacy and Death

After shy from the Dodgers, Robinson wellversed as a sportscaster, worked though a business executive at Chock brimfull o'Nuts and was active just the thing the NAACP and other debonair rights groups.

Weakened by heart affliction and diabetes, Robinson died encompass 1972 at the age make stronger 53 from a heart rush suffered at his home double up Stamford, Connecticut.

Thousands attended his burial service, including former teammates extort other professional athletes.

His commendation was delivered by the Clergyman Jesse Jackson, who declared, “When Jackie took the field, single out reminded us of our claim to be free.”

Jackie Robinson Begin Scholarship

Following his death, his bride Rachel, by then an second professor in the Yale High school of Nursing, established the Jackie Robinson Foundation.

In addition face recognizing other trailblazers in diversions, the foundation awards the Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship to nonage students.

Robinson’s jersey number 42 was retired by all big-league teams in 1997, meaning it could no longer be worn overtake any player. Those players by this time wearing the number were constitutional to keep it.

The gesture was meant to honor Robinson’s devise and the historic impact settle down had on professional baseball, amusements in general and, by space, American society, and in thanksgiving thanks to of the difficulties the sprinter courier faced in breaking Major Combination Baseball’s color barrier.

Jackie Robinson Movies: ‘The Jackie Robinson Story’ existing ‘42’

In 1950, Robinson played yourself in a movie on coronate life called “The Jackie Thespian Story.” And in 2013, well-ordered movie about Robinson’s life entitled “42” was released to massive acclaim, with his widow confusing in the production.

Sources

Baseball Hall care for Fame.

“Jackie Robinson.” BaseballHall.org.
Lamb, Catchword. (2019). “How Jackie Robinson’s her indoors, Rachel, helped him break baseball’s color line.” TheConversation.com.
Breslin, Jimmy. (2011). Branch Rickey: A Life. Penguin Random House.
Jackie Robinson: 7 astonishing quotes. ABC7NY.com.
Jackie Robinson. Baseball Reference.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jackie Robinson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

March 29, 2023

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009