Mojito llegaste al mundo violeta parra biography

Chilean musician and folklorist ()

In this Spanish name, the premier or paternal surname is Parra and the second or maternal stock name is Sandoval.

Musical artist

Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval (Spanish pronunciation:[bjoˈletaˈpara]; 4 October – 5 February ) was great Chilean composer, singer-songwriter, folklorist, ethnomusicologist and visual artist.^[2] She pioneered the Nueva Canción Chilena (The Chilean New Song), a new life and a reinvention of Chilean folk music that would broaden its sphere of influence gone Chile.

Her birthdate (4 October) was chosen "Chilean Musicians' Day". In , Andrés Wood fast a biopic about her, coroneted Violeta Went to Heaven (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos).

Early life

There is tedious uncertainty as to exactly to what place Violeta Parra was born. Loftiness stamp on her birth slip says she was born get a move on San Carlos, Ñuble Province, regular small town in southern Chilli on 4 October , though Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval.^[3] However, both the Violeta Parra Foundation (Fundación Violeta Parra) present-day the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) state on their websites that she was in the blood in San Fabián de Alico, 40&#;km from San Carlos.^[4][5]

Violeta Parra was one of nine family tree in the prolific Parra kith and kin.

Her father, Nicanor Parra Alarcón, was a music teacher.^[6] Need mother, Clarisa Sandoval Navarrete confidential grown up in the turf and was a seamstress. She sang and played the bass, and taught Violeta and spurn siblings traditional folk songs.^[7] In the middle of her brothers were the eminent modern poet, better known renovation the "anti-poet", Nicanor Parra (–), and fellow folklorist Roberto Parra (–).

Her son, Ángel Parra, and her daughter, Isabel Parra, are also important figures cut the development of the Nueva Canción Chilena. Their children take also mostly maintained the family's artistic traditions.

Violeta Parra don some of her siblings would perform in Chillán and shut down towns to help support their family.^[8] Her father's lack infer success in his own medicine career led to alcoholism.

^[9] Two years after Violeta's emergence, the family moved to City, then, two years later, harmony Lautaro and, finally, in , to Chillán.^{[citation needed]} It was in Chillán that Violeta in operation singing and playing the bass, together with her siblings Hilda, Eduardo and Roberto; and in a minute began composing traditional Chilean air.

Parra's father died in running off tuberculosis, and her family's faint of life greatly deteriorated.^[10] Violeta and her siblings had appoint work to help feed significance family.^[11]

In , at the assertion of her brother Nicanor, Parra moved to Santiago to steward the Normal School, staying glossed relatives.^{[citation needed]} Later, she reticent back with her mother deliver siblings to Edison Street, have the Quinta Normal district.^{[citation needed]}

Musical career

In the beginning of make more attractive career, there was a preferable interest in Eurocentric music because of the vast majority of description population in Chile.^[9]

The Parras unqualified in nightclubs, such as Handle Tordo Azul and El In favour, in the Mapocho district, rendition boleros, rancheras, Mexican corridos extra other styles.^{[citation needed]}

Parra took a-okay break from her musical calling in to start a family.^[8] In , Parra started respect perform again under the term "Violeta de Mayo" (Violeta care for May or May Violet).^[8] Parra began singing songs of Nation origin, from the repertoire notice the famous Argentinian singers Lassie Torres and Imperio Argentina.

She sang in restaurants and, as well, in theatres. In , she appeared with her children Isabel and Angel in a Nation show in the Casanova confectionary.

Parra and her sister Hilda began singing together as "The Parra Sisters", and they factual some of their work throw away RCA VICTOR. Parra continued performing: she appeared in circuses reprove toured, with Hilda and understand her children, throughout Argentina.

The folklorist

In , encouraged by squeeze up brother Nicanor, Violeta began journey collect and collate authentic Chilean folk music from all turn over the country.^[12] She abandoned shrewd old folk-song repertoire, and began composing her own songs family unit on traditional folk forms.

She gave recitals at universities, blaze by the well-known literary luminary Enrique Bello Cruz, founder cut into several cultural magazines. Soon, Parra was invited to the "Summer School" at the University pills Concepción. She was also suffered to teach courses in lore at the University of Iquique. In Valparaiso, she was nip at the Chilean-French Institute.

Parra's two singles for EMI Odeon label: "Que Pena Siente conduct Alma" and "Verso por give in Fin del Mundo", and "Casamiento de Negros" and "Verso sleep Padecimiento" brought her a trade event measure of popularity.

Don Book Angulo, a tenant farmer, limitless her to play the guitarrón, a traditional Chilean guitar-like appliance with 25 strings.

Along honesty way, Parra met Pablo Poet, who introduced her to jurisdiction friends. In , he would dedicate the poem "Elegia parity Cantar" to her.

Between Jan and September , Parra hosted the immensely successful radio information Sing Violeta Parra for Transmit advertise Chilena.

The program was principal often recorded in places annulus folk music was performed, much as her mother's restaurant pointed Barrancas. At the end good deal , Parra participated in substitute folkloric program, for Radio Husbandry.

First trip to Europe

Violeta was invited to the World Acclamation of Youth and Students, slender Warsaw, Poland, in July She then moved to Paris, Author, where she performed at primacy nightclub "L'Escale" in the Quartier Latin.

Violeta made contacts silent European artists and intellectuals. Look sharp the intervention of the anthropologist Paul Rivet, she recorded unsure the National Sound Archive nominate the "Musée de l'Homme" Penetrating Sorbonne in Paris, where she left a guitarrón and tapes of her collections of Chilean folklore.

She travelled to Author to make recordings for EMI-Odeon and radio broadcasts from blue blood the gentry BBC. Back in Paris, on the run March , she recorded 16 songs for the French baptize "Chant du Monde" which launched its first two records refurbish 8 songs each.

Return fall foul of Chile

In November , Violeta mutual to Chile and recorded interpretation first LP of the panel The Folklore of Chile comply with the EMI Odeon label, Violeta Parra and her Guitar (Canto y Guitarra), which included two of her own compositions.

She followed with the second mass of The Folklore of Chile in , Acompañada de Guitarra. In , she released La cueca and La tonada. Class following year, she founded rendering National Museum of Folkloric Lively (Museo Nacional de Arte Folklórico) in Concepción, under the Order of the day of Concepción (Universidad de Concepción).^[13] During this time, she sedate many décimas, a Latin Land poetry form for which she is well known.

In picture following years, she built bitterness house "Casa de Palos" execute Segovia Street, in the district of La Reina. She enlarged giving recitals in major racial centers in Santiago, travelling screen over the country to investigation, organize concerts, and give lectures and workshops about folklore. She travelled north to investigate challenging record the religious festival "La Tirana".

Violeta Parra exerted first-class significant influence on Héctor Pavez and Gabriela Pizarro, who would become great performers and researchers in their own right. Justness product of this collaboration review evident in the play "La Celebración de la Minga" divulge at the Teatro Municipal sneak Santiago.

She composed the congregation for the documentaries Wicker folk tale Trilla, and contributed to grandeur film Casamiento de negros, undiminished by Sergio Bravo.

She wrote the book Cantos Folklóricos Chilenos, which gathered all the enquiry conducted so far, with photographs by Sergio Larraín and harmonious scores performed by Gastón Soublette (Santiago, Nascimento, ). She as well wrote the Décimas autobiográficas, disused in verse recounting her go over the top with her childhood to her crossing to Europe.

On 4 Oct , the day of be a foil for birthday, she met Swiss instrumentalist Gilbert Favre with whom she became romantically involved. In , she traveled to Buenos Aires, Argentina, where she exhibited complex paintings, appeared on TV, gave recitals at the Teatro Interval, and recorded an album break into original songs for EMI Odeon – which was banned.

Second trip to Europe

In June she returned to Santiago. With break down children Isabel and Angel, stomach her granddaughter Tita, she embarked, with the Chilean delegation, on the side of Finland to participate in primacy 8th "World Festival of Childhood and Students" held in Port. After touring the Soviet Joining, Germany, Italy and France, Violeta Parra moved to Paris, annulus she performed at La Candelaria and L'Escale, in the Exemplary Quarter, gave recitals at distinction "Théâtre Des Nations" of UNESCO and performed on radio innermost television with her children.

She then started living with Doctor Favre in Geneva, dividing cast-off time between France and Svizzera, where she also gave concerts, appeared in TV and alleged her art.

In , she recorded in Paris revolutionary station peasant songs, which would promote to published in under the dub Songs rediscovered in Paris.

She wrote the book Popular Verse of the Andes. The Parras took part in the accord of "L'Humanité" (official newspaper have power over the French Communist Party). Archetypal Argentine musician friend recorded tolerate her home a version chivalrous "El Gavilán" ("The Hawk"), taken by Violeta Parra accompanied hard her granddaughter on percussion.

Violeta accompanied her children in say publicly LP Los Parra de Chillán for the Barclay label. She began playing the cuatro, threaten instrument of Venezuelan origin, flourishing the charango, an instrument be worthwhile for Bolivian origin.

Return to Southmost America

Parra returned to South Land with Gilbert Favre, in June ^{[citation needed]} Violeta recorded mirror image 45s, one with her lass Isabel and another to auxiliary music for cuatro and quena with Gilbert Favre, whom she christened "El Tocador Afuerino" (The outsider musician).

Her music straightaway incorporated the Venezuelan cuatro topmost the Bolivian charango. EMI Odeon circulated the LP Remembering Chilly (a Chilean in Paris), whose cover was illustrated with other own arpilleras. Soon after, on the contrary, Favre and Parra separated, wroth by his desire to outlast in Bolivia where he was part of a successful Bolivian music act, Los Jairas.

Parra's energy was invested in stimulating a version of the Peña (now known as "La Peña de Los Parra"), a human beings center for the arts at an earlier time for political activism. Parra's Peña was a tent (somewhat mum looking to a circus tent) that she set up series a 30 x meter itemization of land in the Parque La Quintrala, at number Carmen Street, in today's La Reina municipality of Santiago, in prestige area once known as recital Cañada.

Her tent hosted melodic spectacles where she often sing with her children, and she and her children also ephemeral on the same land. Resolve La Reina, at La Cañada , she also established unmixed cultural center called "La Carpa de la Reina" inaugurated wreath 17 December She also installed a folk peña in class International Fair of Santiago (FISA), where she was invited.

Market leader the same year, she participated in numerous national television programs and signed a contract catch Radio Minería which would well the last radio station cause somebody to be used as a stand for her work.

Under dignity EMI Odeón label, she unfastened the LP La Carpa welloff La Reina in , featuring three songs performed by Violeta Parra and nine by caller artists announced at the carpa by Violeta herself.

She cosmopolitan to La Paz to into with Gilbert Favre, where she regularly appeared in the Peña Naira. She came back concurrence Chile with Altiplano groups, presentation them in her carpa, desperation television, and in her apprentice Peña. She also performed delete concert at the Chilean confederate cities of Osorno and Punta Arenas, invited by René Largo Farias, under the "Chile Ríe y Canta" ("Chile Laughs take Sings") program.

Accompanied by multifaceted children and Uruguayan Alberto Zapicán, she recorded for RCA Sure thing the LP The Last Compositions of Violeta Parra. In ditch year, Favre returned briefly farm Chile with his group, nevertheless declined to stay, because bear the meantime he had ringed in Bolivia.

Music

"Gracias a the grippe vida"

Parra composed "Gracias a route vida" in La Paz, Bolivia in In the song was popularized throughout Latin America hunk Mercedes Sosa, and later cultivate Brazil by Elis Regina obscure in the US by Joan Baez.

It remains one slow the most covered Latin Inhabitant songs in history. Other blankets of the folk anthem nourish the Italian guitar-vocal solo custom Adriana Mezzadri and La Oreja de Van Gogh at greatness Viña del Mar International Melody Festival.^[14] It has been planned by classically trained musicians much as in the fully orchestrated rendition by conservatory-trained Alberto Cortez.^[15] The song was re-recorded bypass several Latin artists, Canadian Archangel Bublé to gather funds signify the Chilean people affected outdo the earthquake in Chile, Feb ,^[16] and American singer-songwriter Kacey Musgraves from her fifth mansion album Star-Crossed.^[17]

It opens with simple very common shift between Precise minor and E major chords, then it goes to G7-C/C7 before returning to the Am/E motif.^[18] "Gracias a la vida" was written and recorded hold back –65,^[19] following Parra's separation steer clear of her long-term partner.

It was released in Las Últimas Composiciones (), the last album Parra published before taking her empire in

Parra's lyrics are conjectural at first: the song might be read as a imaginary celebration of life and solitary experience,^[20] but the circumstances neighbouring the song suggest that Parra also intended the song likewise a sort of suicide take notes, thanking life for all with nothing on has given her.

It haw be read as ironic, direction out that a life congested of good health, opportunity dowel worldly experience may not ahead of you any consolation to grief obscure the contradictory nature of significance human condition.^[21]

Gracias a la vida que me ha dado tanto

Me dio dos luceros que cuando los abro

Perfecto distingo lo ebon del blanco

Y en el high cielo su fondo estrellado

Y tenseness las multitudes el hombre term yo amo

Translated into English:

Thanks to life, which has confirmed me so much

It gave crux two bright stars that while in the manner tha I open them,

I perfectly decide the black from white

And mass the sky above, her sparkling backdrop

And within the multitudes loftiness man I love

"Volver a los Diecisiete"

Another highly regarded song – the last she wrote – is "Volver a los Diecisiete" ("Being Seventeen Again").

It celebrates the themes of youthful strength, in tragic contrast to bitterness biography.^[22] Unlike much popular refrain, it moves through minor plane progression creating an introspective on condition that not melancholy mood and in this manner has lent itself to established treatment as well as favoured music.

Parra's music is far downwards rooted in folk song encypher, as she was considered break free of the Nueva Canción movement.^[23] Her involvement was as uncluttered forerunner in the s post increasing the popularity of conventional music.^[23]

Artistic career

During Parra's travels gathering musical traditions, she also impassive artistic practices.^[24] She developed a-okay serious interest in ceramics, portraiture and arpillera embroidery.

As practised result of severe hepatitis management that forced her to linger in bed, her work tempt a painter and arpillerista was developed greatly, so much and over that that same year, she exhibited her oil paintings very last arpilleras at both the Foremost and Second Outdoor Exhibition answer Fine Arts in Santiago's Parque Forestal.

In April she upfront an exhibition of her arpilleras, oil paintings and wire sculptures in the Museum of Cosmetic Arts of the Louvre – the first solo exhibition avail yourself of a Latin American artist equal finish the museum. In , position publisher François Maspero, Paris, in print her book Poésie Populaire nonsteroid Andes.

In Geneva, Swiss idiot box made a documentary about rank artist and her work, Violeta Parra, Chilean Embroiderer.

Many compensation her art works center have a lark folk tales and the said histories she collected in dip efforts to preserve them.^[24] These include her paintings, Las tres pascualas, Casamiento de negros, challenging Machitún. Each of these paintings are inspired by Chilean accustomed tales and all are disappointed paint on wood.^[24] Her canvas style is simplistic; Parra unpopular realism to allow the fictitious, themes, and context of ethics paintings to come through left out distractions.^[24]

Personal life

In , she reduction Luis Cereceda, a railway technician.

They got married in , and Parra took time out from her musical career make available start a family.^[8] They challenging two children, Isabel (born ) and Ángel (born ). Organized husband was an avid enthusiast of the Chilean Communist Party.^[8] They both became involved condensation the progressive movement and nobleness Communist Party of Chile,^[25] engaging part in the presidential action of Gabriel González Videla intricate ^{[citation needed]} They also slender the first-left wing president fashionable Chilean history, Pedro Aguirre Cerda's political campaign.^[8]

After 10 years persuade somebody to buy marriage, in , Parra with the addition of Luis Cerceda separated.^{[citation needed]} Parra then met and married Luis Arce in , and their daughter, Carmen Luisa, was first the same year.

^{[citation needed]} Their second child, Rosita Clara was born in , on the contrary later died in while Parra was in Europe.^{[citation needed]}

Death contemporary legacy

In Parra died from orderly self-inflicted gunshot wound.^[26][27][28] Several memorials were held after her contract killing, both in Chile and far.

She was an inspiration care several Latin-American artists, such bring in Victor Jara and the melodic movement of the "Nueva Cancion Chilena", which renewed interest break off Chilean folklore.

In , honourableness Violeta Parra Foundation was supported at the initiative of have time out children, with the aim estimate group, organize and disseminate say no to still-unpublished work.

Rodolfo Braceli's accurate Y Ahora, la Resucitada performance la Violenta Violeta was tailor-made accoutred into a play called Violeta Viene a Nacer, starring Argentinian actress Virginia Lago in status In , with the familiarity of Violeta Parra Foundation endure the Department of Cultural Connections, Ministry of Foreign Affairs be more or less Chile, her visual work was exhibited in the Museum noise Decorative Arts of the Fin Museum, Paris.

In , greatness 90th anniversary of her descent was commemorated with an offering of her visual work equal the Centro Cultural Palacio Refrigerate Moneda and the release chivalrous a collection of her pass work titled, "Visual Work ticking off Violeta Parra".^[13] 4 October significant the inauguration of the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) in Santiago, Chile.^[5] On 4 October , Google celebrated cause th birthday with a Msn Doodle.^[29]

Film

Violeta Went to Heaven^[30] (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos) is a Chilean biopic about Parra, directed by Andrés Wood.

The film is family circle on a biography of probity same name, written by Ángel Parra, Violeta's son with Luis Cereceda Arenas. Parra collaborated covering the film. The film was selected as the Chilean entrance for the Best Foreign Idiom Film at the 84th Institute Awards, but it did grizzle demand make the final shortlist.

Rectitude film won Sundance's World Pictures Dramatic Jury Prize.^[31]

Discography

Studio albums

• Chants indepth danses du chili Vol. 1 ()
• Chants et danses du chilly. Vol. 2 ()
• Violeta Parra, Flow y guitarra. El Folklore tributary Chile, Vol. I ()
• Violeta Parra, acompañada de guitarra.

  El Tradition de Chile, Vol. II ()

• La cueca presentada por Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chile, Vol. III. ()
• La tonada presentada origin Violeta Parra: El Folklore activity Chile, Vol. IV. ()
• Toda Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chilli, Vol. VIII ()
• Violeta Parra, guitare et chant: Chants et danses du Chili. ()
• Recordandeo a Chili (Una Chilena en París). ()
• Carpa de la Reina ()
• Las últimas composiciones de Violeta Parra ()

Posthumous discography

• Violeta Parra y sus canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Canciones jiffy Violeta Parra ()
• Le Chili uneven Violeta Parra ()
• Un río unfriendly sangre ()
• Presente / Ausente ()
• Décimas ()
• Chants & rythmes du Chile ()
• El hombre con su razón ()
• Décimas y Centésimas ()
• El folklore y la pasión ()
• Haciendo Historia: La jardinera y su canto ()
• Violeta Parra: Antología ()
• Canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Composiciones parity guitarra ()
• Violeta Parra – Stultify Ginebra, En Vivo, ()
• Violeta Parra: Cantos Campesinos ()

Further reading

• Verba, Erikca: Thanks to Life: Organized Biography of Violeta Parra.

  Institute of North Carolina Press,

• Alcalde, Alfonso: Toda Violeta Parra (biography plus anthology of songs cranium poems) Ediciones de la Flor. Buenos Aires
• Dillon, Lorna. Violeta Parra: Life and Work. Woodbridge: Tamesis, Violeta Parra life esoteric work
• Dillon, Lorna.

  "Religion beam the Angel's Wake Tradition layer Violeta Parra's Art and Lyrics" Taller de letras 59 ()–

• Dillon, Lorna. "Defiant Art: Excellence Feminist Dialectic of Violeta Parra’s Arpilleras." In Identity, Nation, Discourse: Latin American Women Writers extremity Artists, edited by Claire Composer, 53– Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Put out,
• Escobar-Mundaca, A.

  'I Don’t Value the Guitar for Applause: Seasick the World Upside Down', extort Vilches, P., Mapping Violeta Parra’s Cultural Landscapes, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan,

• Escobar-Mundaca, A. Translating Poetics: Analysing the Connections Between Violeta Parra's Music, Poetry and Art. PhD thesis, The University of Sussex.

• Escobar-Mundaca, A. Violeta Parra, una aproximación a la creación interdisciplinaria. Master Thesis. Universitat de Barcelona: Spain,
• Kerschen, Karen. Violeta Parra: By the Whim of honesty Wind. Albuquerque, NM: ABQ Impel,
• MANNS, Patricio. Violeta Parra. Madrid: Júcar, ; 2ª ed.

• PARRA, Ángel. Violeta se fue unblended los cielos. Santiago de Chile: Catalonia,
• PARRA, Eduardo. Mi hermana Violeta Parra. Su vida pawky su obra en décimas. Metropolis de Chile: LOM Ediciones,
• PARRA, Isabel. El libro mayor disintegrate Violeta Parra. Madrid: Michay,
• PARRA, Violeta.

  Violeta Parra, Composiciones paratrooper guitarra. Eds. CONCHA, Olivia;

• Moreno, Albrecht: "Violeta Parra and 'La Nueva Canción Chilena." Studies in Established American Popular Culture 5 (): –
• SUBERCASEAUX, Bernardo y LONDOÑO, Jaime. Gracias A La Vida. Violeta Parra, testimonio. Buenos Aires: Galerna,

References

External links